ABSTRACT
Aim: To isolate and identify Alcaligenes aquatilis PJS_1 from slaughter house soil samples for production of enzymatic fibrinolytic agent productionMethodology: Fibrinolytic enzyme producing bacterium was isolated from slaughter house soil samples and identified by biochemical tests and 16S rRNA sequencing. The fibrinolytic enzyme production media was optimized by various factors like energy sources, pH and temperature. Bioreactor used in the experiment was designed with suitable parameters for effective production and purification is by gel filtration chromatography. Blood clotting assay was performed to determine its anticoagulant property. Results: The isolated enzyme producing bacterium was identified as Alcaligenes aquatilis PJS_1. The medium with fructose and urea at pH 7.0 was found to have optimum production when incubated for 24 hr at 37ºC. The crude enzyme was purified by acetone precipitation followed by gel filtration chromatography. The enzyme showed a final specific activity of 629.32 Umg-1 with of 88.24% yield Interpretation: The present study provides information that the enzyme produced by Alcaligenes aquatilis PJS_1 acts as an effective fibrinolytic agent
ABSTRACT
Aim: Potential microbial isolates for bioremoval of copper were collected from phenolic and heavy metal-contaminated soils and screened in copper-containing medium for determining the maximum tolerance level for copper. Methodology: Bioremoval of copper was assessed using sodium diethyl dithiocarbamate assay. Physical and cultural conditions influencing copper bioremoval such as initial concentration, biomass dosage (inoculum volume), temperature and pH were optimised via one-factor-at-a-time. Results: The highest maximum tolerance level was displayed by Serratia sp. AQ5-03 at 600 mg l-1, while for Alcaligenes sp. AQ5-02 and Pseudomonas sp. AQ5-04 it was 500 mg l-1. The highest bioremoval for Alcaligenes sp. AQ5-02, Serratia sp. AQ5-03 and Pseudomonas sp. AQ5-04 was achieved at 20, 50 and 75 mg l-1, respectively. The optimum biomass dosage (inoculum volume) for both Serratia sp. AQ5-03 and Pseudomonas sp. AQ5-04 were 15%, whereas it was 10% for Alcaligenes sp. AQ5-02. The results also revealed that maximum bioremoval was achieved at pH 6 at an optimum temperature of 20°C for both Alcaligenes sp. AQ5-02 and Pseudomonas sp. AQ5-04, while Serratia sp. AQ5-03 showed optimum removal at pH 7 and at 30°C temperature. The maximum bioremoval efficiency for Alcaligenes sp. AQ5-02, Serratia sp. AQ5-03 and Pseudomonas sp were found to be 62, 57 and 70%, respectively. Interpretation: The results indicate that Alcaligenes sp. AQ5-02, Serratia sp. AQ5-03, Pseudomonas sp. AQ5-04 can be utilised as bioremoval agent since it possessed the highest bioremoval efficiency for copper remediation.
ABSTRACT
This paper reports the isolation and characterization of a new o-nitrobenzaldehyde (ONBA)-degrading bacterium, Alcaligenes sp. ND1. ND1 degraded almost all ONBA (100 mg L-1) in M9 medium within 36 hours. The key enzyme(s) involved in the initial biodegradation was a constitutively intracellular enzyme(s). This bacterium has great potential utility for bioremediation.
Esse trabalho relata o isolamento e a caracterização de uma nova bactéria degradadora de o-nitrobenzaldeido (ONBA), Alcaligenes sp ND1. A bactéria ND1 decompôs todo o ONBA (100 mg.L-1) do meio M9 em 36 horas. A enzima-chave envolvida na biodegradação inicial foi uma enzima constitutiva intracelular. Esta bactéria apresenta um potencial de aplicação para bioremediação.
Subject(s)
Alcaligenes/isolation & purification , Enzymes , Nitrobenzoates/isolation & purification , Biodegradation, Environmental , Methods , MethodsABSTRACT
From soils contaminated with polychlorinated biphenils (PCBs) a strain of Alcaligenes sp. able to grow in a mineral medium with a commercial mixture of PCBs as carbon source was isolated. This strain consumed up to 200 ppm in seven days in laboratory conditions. After 24 h of incubation, some new congeners of PCBs could be recognized by mass spectrometry. Through the identification of these compounds it was possible to postulate examples of possible transformations by dechlorinations of penta- and tetra-chlorinated congeners into tri-chlorinated ones. The properties of the isolated strain are appropriate for bioremediation of contaminated areas and also for using in bioreactors in order to remove the xenobiotic chemical.
A partir de suelos contaminados con bifenilos policlorados (PCBs) se aisló una cepa de Alcaligenes sp. capaz de crecer en medio mineral con una mezcla comercial de PCBs como fuente de carbono. Esta cepa consumió hasta 200 ppm de PCBs en siete días de incubación en condiciones de laboratorio. En 24 horas de incubación se han podido detectar nuevos congéneres de PCBs mediante espectrometria de masa. La identificación de estos compuestos ha permitido postular transformaciones de congéneres penta- y tetra-clorados que originarían derivados triclorados. Las propiedades de la cepa aislada son apropiadas para biorremediación y para su uso en biorreactores para eliminar estos compuestos xenobióticos.
Subject(s)
Alcaligenes/metabolism , Polychlorinated Biphenyls/metabolism , Soil Microbiology , Soil Pollutants/metabolism , Biodegradation, Environmental , Bioreactors , Chlorine/metabolism , Molecular StructureABSTRACT
Objective To screen the flocculatnt-producing strain from activated sludge that can treat azo dyeing wastewater effectively.Methods Screening and rescreening were used to acquire the strain which possesses high efficiency of flocculatant production and the strain was identified.The character of microbial flocculant(MBF) and the ability to treat azo dye wastewater were studied.Results A strain of high-efficiency bioflocculant-producting bacteria(AJ-6),initially identified as Alcaligenes sp,was screened.The bioflocculant produced by the strain was able to flocculate kaolin suspension with 94.4% and fly ash suspension with 98.9% respectively.The flocculation activity distribution tests showed that the active components of the bioflocculant existed in the supernatant fluid after centrifugation.It had good treatment efficiency in treating azo dyes methyl orange wastewater.The maximal efficiencies of removing CODCr and chroma from the wastewater were 81.3% and 94.2%.Compared with the other flocculants,the performance of MBF was better than that of polyacrylamide(PAM),aluminum sulfate,ferrous sulfate.The MBF was more thermostable when treated with 100 ℃ for 30 min,and the animal toxicity test showed that the MBF had no acute toxicity to mice.Conclusion The bioflocculant produced by the strain AJ-6 is applicable to treat azo dyeing wastewater and can be also used for the other wastewater.
ABSTRACT
The structure and characteristics of the soluble exopolysaccharide(PS-238) produced by Alcaligenes sp.NX-3 were studied.The analytic sample was prepared by ethanol precipitation then proteins were removed by the Sevag method.The components of polysaccharide were identified by TLC、 GC and chemical method after acid hydrolysis as: glucose,mannose,rhamnose and glucuronic acid.By means of IR and periodate oxidation,it showed that the polysaccharide was mainly consisting of(1→3)and(1→4) glucosidic linkages.The relation between viscosity and shear rate、concentration、temperature、pH and salts was investigated.The results showed that the solution of PS-238 is a typical pseudoplastic liquid,having high viscosity at low concentrations.The viscosity of 1%PS-238 water solution could reach 3300cp at 25℃.It has the excellent stability towards pH2~13,also has outstanding property of viscosity retention even at temperatures up to 150℃.Some kinds of salts were cooperated with PS-238 as a thickening agent.